ABSTRACT
Objective:To analyze the whole genome traceability and variation analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in local COVID-19 outbreaks in Binhai New Area, Tianjin.Methods:The whole-genome high-throughput sequencing was performed on throat swab samples collected from one local asymptomatic infected person and five confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Binhai New Area of Tianjin from November 7 to December 5, 2020. The sequencing data were assembled by De novo. MAFFT v7.0 multiple sequence alignment program and MEGA X software were used to compare the above data and construct phylogenetic tree (Neighbor-joining method).Results:The genetic similarity between the sequences of 6 SARS-CoV-2 strains and Wuhan reference sequence (Wuhan-Hu-1) was greater than 99.9%. Two of six strains were genetically identical, conform to the L-Lineage European Branch Ⅱ.1(America Branch)/B.1; The other four strains had the same genes and were in line with the characteristics of L-Lineage European Branch Ⅰ/B.1.1.These six strains belonged to different evolutionary branches and two different transmission chains. There were 18 nucleotide mutation sites in sequences of six SARS-CoV-2 strains, eight of which were synonymous mutation sites, nine of which were missense mutation sites, resulting in nine amino acid mutation sites, and important mutation sites of RDRP-P323L and S-D614G were found in all of the six samples.Conclusions:In this study, there were two COVID-19 outbreaks in Binhai New Area of Tianjin, and the sequences of six SARS-CoV-2 strains belonged to different evolutionary branches and two different transmission chains. It might come from porters′ contact with imported cold chain items contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 from different sources. All the sequences of six SARS-CoV-2 strains had P323L and D614G mutations, which indicated that the virus mutation and transmission ability were stronger. The surveillance of important employees of the cold chain in Tianjin and local and imported cases should be continuously strengthened.
ABSTRACT
Our previous investigation suggested that faster seventh cervical nerve (C7) regeneration occurs in patients with cerebral injury undergoing contralateral C7 transfer. This finding needed further verification, and the mechanism remained largely unknown. Here, Tinel's test revealed faster C7 regeneration in patients with cerebral injury, which was further confirmed in mice by electrophysiological recordings and histological analysis. Furthermore, we identified an altered systemic inflammatory response that led to the transformation of macrophage polarization as a mechanism underlying the increased nerve regeneration in patients with cerebral injury. In mice, we showed that, as a contributing factor, serum amyloid protein A1 (SAA1) promoted C7 regeneration and interfered with macrophage polarization in vivo. Our results indicate that altered inflammation promotes the regenerative capacity of the C7 nerve by altering macrophage behavior. SAA1 may be a therapeutic target to improve the recovery of injured peripheral nerves.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Mice , Brachial Plexus , Brachial Plexus Neuropathies/surgery , Nerve Transfer , Peripheral Nerves , Spinal NervesABSTRACT
Our previous investigation suggested that faster seventh cervical nerve (C7) regeneration occurs in patients with cerebral injury undergoing contralateral C7 transfer. This finding needed further verification, and the mechanism remained largely unknown. Here, Tinel’s test revealed faster C7 regeneration in patients with cerebral injury, which was further confirmed in mice by electrophysiological recordings and histological analysis. Furthermore, we identified an altered systemic inflammatory response that led to the transformation of macrophage polarization as a mechanism underlying the increased nerve regeneration in patients with cerebral injury. In mice, we showed that, as a contributing factor, serum amyloid protein A1 (SAA1) promoted C7 regeneration and interfered with macrophage polarization in vivo. Our results indicate that altered inflammation promotes the regenerative capacity of the C7 nerve by altering macrophage behavior. SAA1 may be a therapeutic target to improve the recovery of injured peripheral nerves.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the drug resistance and pathogenic mechanism of a uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strain UPEC132 at the genome-wide level. Methods:The susceptibility of UPEC132 strain to 16 antimicrobial agents was determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay. The UPEC132 strain was genotyped by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The three-generation sequencing platform was used to sequence and assemble the whole genome of the UPEC132 strain. Drug resistance and virulence gene function annotations were predicted by Prodigal software and screened by using genome database. Genome sequences of the UPEC132 strain and 23 other UPEC strains collected from GenBank were phylogenetically analyzed, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed by RAxML software.Results:The UPEC132 strain was resistant to ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, tetracycline, erythromycin, chloramphenicol and cefazolin. Its genotype was ST10522 by MLST. The whole genome of the UPEC132 strain included one complete genome (chromosome) and two plasmid sequences. The sequence sizes of the chromosome and plasmids 1 and 2 were 5 234 468 bp, 117 139 bp and 101 356 bp, and the guanine-cytosine (GC) content was 50.48%, 49.05%, and 54.04%, respectively. There were 4 856, 140 and 116 genes annotated in the chromosome and plasmids 1 and 2, respectively. Drug resistance genes were mainly distributed in the chromosomal genome, mainly including the multidrug resistance efflux pump gene clusters. Only blaTEM-1 and tetG genes were carried in the plasmid 2. Virulence genes were also mainly distributed in the chromosome genome, including nine pilus adhesins, five iron uptake systems and three secretory toxins. Gene clusters encoding Afa and type Ⅳ fimbriae were located on plasmids 1 and 2, respectively. The phylogenetic tree showed that the UPEC132 strain was not in the same branch with either of the 23 UPEC strains. Conclusions:The UPEC132 strain belonged to ST10522, which was a newly named ST type of Escherichia coli and first reported at home and abroad. The genome-wide genetic information of the UPEC132 strain was fully revealed. The multidrug resistance genes and virulence genes carried by the UPEC132 strain were associated with its drug resistance and pathogenicity.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the influence of couple-centered mental intervention on marital quality and subjective happiness among young-and middle-aged breast cancer patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy.Methods A total of 100 postoperative young-and middle-aged breast cancer patients were divided into observation group (n=50) and control group (n=50) using random digit number table according to the order of hospitalization.The patients in the observation group were given the couple-based mental intervention,and the control were given the routine mental intervention only.The marital quality and subjective happiness between the 2 groups were evaluated and compared by Olson marital quality questionnaire and Memorial University of Newfoundland scale of happiness (MUNSH) respectively before intervention and 6 months after intervention.Result After intervention,both the score of marital quality and subjective happiness in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion The enforcement of couple-centered mental intervention among the young-and middle-aged breast cancer patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy can significantly improve the marital quality and subjective happiness.
ABSTRACT
@#To preliminarily study the pro⁃angiogenic activity of Echinococcus granulosus hydatid cysts against hu⁃ man umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro and the transcriptional level of potential pro⁃angiogenic factors. Methods The hydatid cysts and protoscolex derived from experimentally infected mice were collected and cultured in vitro，then the human umbilical vein endothelial cells were stimulated by the supernatant and cyst fluid respectively，and the angiogenesis was observed and analyzed through a microscope and the angiogenesis mode of the software NIH Image J. Meanwhile，the mouse homologous proteins of matrix metalloproteinase⁃9（MMP⁃9）and high mobility group box B1（HMGB1）were identified in E. granulosus genome through sequence alignment，and their transcriptional levels in the cyst wall and protoscolex were analyzed. Results The culture supernatant of hydatid cysts significantly promoted human umbilical vein endothelial cells into tubes（F = 73.03，P < 0.001），the transcriptions of MMP⁃9 and HMGB1 were detected in the cyst wall and protoscolex，and the transcriptional level of MMP⁃9 was higher in protoscolex（t = -11.65，P < 0.001），while the level of HMGB1 was higher in hydatid cysts（t = 6.43，P = 0.003）. Conclusion Some parasite⁃derived pro⁃angiogenic molecules may exist in the supernatant of E. granulosus hydatid cysts，while further researches are required into their exact mechanisms.
ABSTRACT
To improve thrombolytic effect, a fusion protein SFH composed of staphylokinase (SAK) and hirudin (HV) with blood coagulation factor Xa (FXa) recognition peptide as a linker, was designed. SFH showed improved thrombolytic effect and low bleeding in vivo. Two thrombus-targeting mechanisms might account for the above features of SFH. This study was designed to study the two thrombus-targeting mechanisms of SFH. ELISA and immunohistochemistry assay were used to study the improved thrombus selectivity of SFH and the results showed that SFH, compared with SAK, displayed higher affinity for thrombin and thrombin-rich thrombus. To verify the thrombus-targeting release of anticoagulant activity of SFH, FH-a derivative of HV with only FXa recognition sequence at N terminus of HV was designed and used in animal tests. In inferior vena cava thrombosis model, FH showed equal antithrombotic effect as HV, indicating that HV could be successfully released from FH by FXa cleavage in vivo. More importantly, no prolongation of plasma TT, APTT and PT were found in FH group, but significant prolongations were discovered in HV group. This revealed that the anticoagulant activity of FH was released in thrombus-targeting way and limited in the vicinity of the thrombus, and this could be extrapolated to SFH. In conclusion, the high thrombus affinity and thrombus-targeting release of anticoagulant activity of SFH assigned low bleeding risk to SFH.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Rats , Anticoagulants , Pharmacology , Factor X , Pharmacology , Hirudins , Genetics , Metalloendopeptidases , Genetics , Recombinant Fusion Proteins , Genetics , Pharmacology , Thrombolytic Therapy , Methods , Thrombosis , Drug Therapy , Vena Cava, InferiorABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the content determination of total flavonoids in onion extracts.METH_ ODS:UV spectrophotometry was adopted in the determination with the detection wavelength set at270nm.RESULTS:Good linear relationship with the absorbability was achieved when the detection concentration of eldrin was within a range of0.002～0.01mg/ml(r=0.9978),the average recovery was99.15%(RSD=1.52%).CONCLUSION:This method was simple,rapid and accurate.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To prepare compound tretinoin cream No I,No II and observe their effects on chloasma.METHODS:The cream was prepared by taking tretinoin,kojoic acid and allantoin as main components and adding base material.The tretinoin was encapsulated with ?-cyclodextrin.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:The prescription of compound tretinoin cream is rational,preparation technic being stable and therapeutic effect on chloasma is satisfactory.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the relationship between the mammographic features and clinicopathologic characteristics in breast cancer.Methods Digital mammograms of 176 patients with pathologically proved breast cancer were reviewed.X-ray findings were analysed compared with clinical and pathologic data(histological types and axillary nodes status).Results The breast cancer simplely with micro-calcifications was common seen is the young women under 50 years old(27/32,84.4%) and microcalcifications with the mass was common seen in the aged women over 50 years old(53.8%,28/52).Microcalcifications in mammography occurred frequently occurred in 51.9%(14/27)in intra-ductal carcinoma and early invasive carcinoma.The breast cancer with expression of microcalcification cimbined with burr-like mass had a high metastatic rate to axillary lymph nodes(69.4%,25/36).A high metastatic rate of axillary lymph nodes could also be found in the patients with solitary worm-like microcalcification,solitary burr-like tumor and simple non-wormlike microcalcification.Conclusion The X-ray features of breast carcinoma are certainly related to the clinicopathological manifestations.
ABSTRACT
83 patients with severe pancreatitis, cancer of esophagus, gastrointestipal surgery and intestinal perforation were treated with TPN, clinical level of total protein, albumin, blood sugar and fat, body weight and nitrogen were measured. The results showed patients with TPN acquired active effects, such as fully enhancement of the utilization and adaptability of body, maintenance of positive nitrogen balance effectively, complement of the lost of albumin and Hb, improvement of metabolic condition, inhibition of glyconegenesis, reduction of the lost of fat and nitrogen and the decomposition of muscle protein. These improve the nitrogen condition, maitain the body in the positive. nitrogen balance, reduce thecllurence of complication and pro ide the better condition for the health.